March 10, 2026

ISO 9001: The three most common non-conformities found during audits

A recent study byAFNOR Certification, which analyzed nearly 20,000 ISO 9001 audit reports, has just revealed that nonconformities are rarely attributable to documentation.  In most cases, the discrepancies identified relate to how the management system is managed on a day-to-day basis.  An analysis of the audit reports highlights three areas that are particularly vulnerable: 
  • Chapter 7 – Resources (12.6% of non-conformities and sensitive issues) 
  • Chapter 9 – Monitoring, measurement, analysis, and evaluation (7.5%) 
  • Chapter 8 – Production and service provision (7.4%) 
These figures do not reflect a lack of knowledge of the standard. They highlight organizational weaknesses. 

Resources: when skills are not sufficiently structured 

With 12.6% of the gaps observed, skills management (Chapter 7) tops the list of identified gaps. The most common issues relate to: 
  • Integration pathways with little formal structure 
  • Partially mapped job training courses  
  • Difficulty demonstrating the balance between needs and resources 
  • Insufficient traceability of critical skills 
In many organizations, the skills are there. But there is still room for improvement in how they are organized and monitored.  The risk isn't just related to hearing. It's also operational: loss of expertise, reliance on key personnel, and difficulty ensuring skill development. 

Monitoring and measurement: indicators exist, but are rarely used 

Chapter 9 accounts for 7.5% of the discrepancies.  Recurring findings include: 
  • Indicators not aligned with strategic objectives 
  • Review of rarely used dashboards  
  • Delays in periodic checks 
  • Limited use of collected data 
The data is often available. But it isn't always used to actually drive business operations.  An indicator that does not guide a decision becomes merely a piece of documentation. However, ISO 9001 now requires clear evidence of the system's effectiveness. 

Production and service provision: the gap between theory and practice 

Chapter 8 accounts for 7.4% of nonconformities.  The discrepancies observed relate in particular to: 
  • Uneven application of processes 
  • Discrepancies between formal procedures and actual practices 
  • Insufficient follow-up on corrective actions 
  • Partial disclosure of client results 
The problem here is not the existence of procedures. It lies in their implementation and operational oversight.  The audit then revealed a discrepancy between the system as described and the actual situation on the ground. 

What these findings reveal 

These three chapters have one thing in common: they deal with the governance of the management system.  The discrepancies are no longer primarily of a documentary nature. They are organizational.  They translate: 
  • A lack of skill structuring  
  • Insufficient use of data 
  • Heterogeneous operational control  
As the 2026 revision of the ISO standards approaches, these aspects become even more strategic. The standard reinforces expectations regarding consistency, traceability, and alignment between strategy and operational management. 

How can these gaps be reduced in a sustainable manner? 

The most mature organizations share several common practices: 
  • Dynamic skills management linked to processes and risks 
  • Indicators selected to guide, not to fill a table 
  • Structured workflows for tracking actions 
  • Centralization of quality information 
The digitization of the management system plays a key role here. It enhances the reliability of traceability, improves managerial visibility, and facilitates data analysis.  At Avanteam, we support organizations in this restructuring process to transform their quality management system into a true management tool that drives performance and ensures long-term compliance.  Contact us for more information. Source: Afnor Certification Study on ISO 9001 & ISO 14001

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